Golden eagles

The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is a large bird of prey recognisable by its dark brown plumage and golden nape feathers. Its wingspan can exceed 2 metres. In many cultures it is a symbol of strength and freedom.

Where does it live?

It lives in North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa, in mountains, rocky valleys, steppes and open country. In Türkiye it breeds especially in mountainous and rocky areas.

What does it eat?

It is a carnivore that feeds on mammals such as hares, ground squirrels and voles, as well as birds. It sometimes takes larger animals such as young goats or deer, and eats carrion in winter. It finds prey while soaring high and catches it with a fast dive.

Behaviour and social life

Golden eagles usually stay with the same mate for life and hold large territories. Pairs may use several nests on steep cliffs or big trees in rotation for years. They mark their territories with undulating display flights.

Chicks

The female usually lays 1–3 eggs. The larger chick competes with the smaller one, and often only one chick survives to fledging.

Conservation status

The golden eagle is listed as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List. Collisions with power lines and wind turbines, poisoning (especially lead poisoning), illegal killing and disturbance at nests are significant threats in some regions.

Fun facts

• A golden eagle can reach very high speeds while diving.
• In Central Asia, some communities have hunted with golden eagles for centuries.
• Young golden eagles have white patches on their wings and tail that fade with age.